It is also a common early sign of pregnancy before you miss your period. A few weeks after conception, your body produces more estrogen and progesterone, causing nausea or vomiting. According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG , morning sickness subsides after the first trimester for some women, while others have it throughout the entire pregnancy.
However, one of the most common early signs of pregnancy is extreme fatigue or exhaustion. Activities that never phased you before may tire you out, and you might want to sleep a lot even if you have gotten hours already. The body is producing more blood to support the developing baby, which can cause fatigue and increase your need for nutrients. These symptoms usually last through the first trimester and can be alleviated by resting, eating a nutrient-rich diet, and drinking plenty of fluids.
In the first few weeks of pregnancy, your breasts may become heavy, tender, swollen, or tender. Some women experience this symptom before their period, so it can be confused with PMS. However, one thing that happens during the early weeks of pregnancy that does not occur during a regular menstrual cycle might tip you off.
If your areolas — the circles of pigmented skin surrounding the nipples — may darken or even become enlarged. Some women experience spotting as an early sign of pregnancy. Small amounts of light pink or brownish blood may appear a week or so before your period is due. This type of spotting is called implantation bleeding. As the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine lining, it can cause irritation and light bleeding. Sometimes this is mistaken as a period, but spotting is usually much lighter than a regular period.
Another sign of early pregnancy that can be confused with PMS or a regular period is cramping. During pregnancy, blood flow increases all over the body. Increased blood flow in the uterus can cause cramping. But once an egg embeds in the uterine lining, hormones tell the blood-rich tissue to stay intact to support the growing baby. And you won't shed it and start having your period again until your pregnancy is over.
Bleeding occurs during pregnancy for various reasons, some serious and some not. Some women have light bleeding or spotting in the week before their period is due and they may mistake that for a period.
It's generally a lot lighter than a typical period and lasts just a day or two. This spotting has been called " implantation bleeding " because of the idea that it might be caused by the fertilized egg burrowing into the blood-rich lining of the uterus. But no one knows what really causes it. You may have spotting after a Pap smear, vaginal exam, or sex.
This is because there's more blood going to your cervix during pregnancy. Bleeding can also be a sign of something seriously wrong, such as an infection, placental problems, miscarriage , or an ectopic pregnancy , which can be life-threatening. See our article on vaginal bleeding in pregnancy for a complete rundown of possible causes. If you notice bleeding while you're pregnant, call your doctor or midwife right away, even if the bleeding has stopped.
Many women who bleed a little during pregnancy deliver without complications, but you may need an evaluation to rule out a serious problem. If you're actively bleeding or have severe pain of any kind and can't immediately reach your practitioner, head straight to the emergency room. BabyCenter's editorial team is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. When creating and updating content, we rely on credible sources: respected health organizations, professional groups of doctors and other experts, and published studies in peer-reviewed journals.
These cramps may persist for weeks or months during pregnancy, as the embryo implants and the uterus stretches. Hormonal changes can cause both headaches and back pain in early pregnancy and before the menstrual period. Increased appetite and food cravings are common symptoms of pregnancy, but they can also occur with PMS. Many people with PMS experience increased appetite and cravings for sweet or fatty foods, or carbohydrate-rich meals. Changes in the hormones estrogen and progesterone likely influence cravings just before a period.
Research indicates that 50—90 percent of pregnant women in the United States have cravings. Many crave specific foods and have aversions to others, finding their sight or smell deeply unpleasant. Food aversions are much less common in people with PMS. Some pregnant women crave non-food items, such as ice or dirt. The medical term for this phenomenon is pica. Anyone with pica should speak to a doctor. Some symptoms are more likely to indicate early pregnancy than an impending period.
However, a person can only be sure by taking a home pregnancy test or visiting a doctor. Missing a period is one of the most obvious signs of pregnancy. If a period is 1 week late and pregnancy is a possibility, take a pregnancy test. Many tests are highly sensitive and can detect pregnancy hormones several days before a missed period.
While mild digestive discomfort can occur just before a menstrual period, nausea and vomiting are not typical PMS symptoms. They are, however, common symptoms of early pregnancy.
Nausea affects up to 80 percent of pregnant women. Nausea and vomiting usually start before the 9th week of pregnancy. Typically, these symptoms subside by the second trimester, but some women experience nausea throughout pregnancy. Although breast changes can occur during both PMS and pregnancy, changes to the nipples rarely happen before a period.
If the areola, the colored area around the nipple, gets darker or larger, this can suggest pregnancy. These changes can occur as early as 1 or 2 weeks after conception. Women who suspect that they are pregnant should take a home pregnancy test. If the result is positive, make an appointment with a doctor to confirm the pregnancy and plan the next steps.
If the test is negative, but no period occurs within 1 or 2 weeks of when it was due, it is also a good idea to see a doctor. The doctor can help determine the reason for a late or missed period and recommend treatment options. They can also address concerns about any unusual symptoms.
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