You and your second cousins have the same great-grandparents, but not the same grandparents. Understanding second cousins is much the same as understanding first cousins, except the family tree must go back one further generation. If members of your family were adopted, your second cousins may not be blood related to you.
With this hypothetical example, you and Ashley are second cousins. This is because the closest common ancestor that you share is your great-grandma. Ashley's grandpa, your great-uncle, is your grandma's brother. In addition to the distinction between first cousins and second cousins, there is also the added designation of being "once removed.
This could be one generation above yours or one generation below yours. Since you and your first cousins, by definition, are all from the same generation, you wouldn't use the term "once removed" for your true first cousin relationships.
You would, however, use the term "first cousin once removed" to describe your relationship to your parents' first cousins. You could also explore the family tree in the other direction and your first cousin's child would be your first cousin, once removed. To find a second cousin, once removed, use the same logic. Your mom or dad's second cousin would be someone they share great-grandparents with. Your mom's second cousin or your dad's second cousin would be your second cousin, once removed because your parents are one generation older than you.
If you move down a generation, your second cousin's child would be your second cousin, once removed. Since "removed" denotes the number of generations between you and a relative, "twice removed" means there are two generations separating you and your cousin. This could mean two generations above you or two generations below you.
Since you and your first cousins are from the same generation, you wouldn't use the term "twice removed" to describe them. You would use the term "first cousin, twice removed" to describe your relationship to your grandparent's first cousins or to the grandchildren of your true first cousins. Using the same First Cousin Twice Removed chart, you can extrapolate the family tree to see that if your great-great-grandma had a sister, her daughter's daughter would be your grandma's second cousin and your second cousin, twice removed.
Alternatively, your second cousin's grandchild would be your second cousin, twice removed if you went down the family tree. The terminology used to describe the relationship between cousins can be further extended to reflect as many generations as needed including third cousins, fourth cousins, and so on. A second cousin once removed is either the child of your second cousin or the parent of your third cousin. They are "once removed" because you are separated by 1 or more generations.
For a more in-depth look at cousins and what it means to be "removed," check out our Cousin Relationships Explained article. Or, if you have a more complicated cousin relationship to calculate, use the chart below. First, select how you are related to the common ancestor. For example, if the common ancestor is your great-grandparent, select "great grandparent" from the first drop-down menu. Then select your cousin's relationship to the common ancestor. The calculator will use this information to tell you how you are related!
The following cousin calculator click to enlarge can also help you figure out what to call your more distant cousins. If you enjoy math, you can also calculate your cousinship using the following method, which starts by asking three questions:. Who is the common ancestor of my cousin and me?
Case in point: In , it was revealed that vice president Dick Cheney and presidential hopeful Barack Obama are eighth cousins. Cheney's wife, Lynn Cheney, discovered this tidbit while researching her husband's genealogy for a memoir she was writing, the Associated Press reported. If these distinctions aren't confusing enough, first cousins can be further parsed into parallel and cross cousins. Parallel cousins are the children of same-sex siblings — for example, the children of your mother's sister are your parallel cousins.
It might actually be helpful to use a chart to do this, as it is easier to see how many generations removed you are from someone if you draw it on some paper. There are two methods of doing this. One involves generations before you, and one involves generations after you. Generations after you are easiest. Start with a cousin with whom you share a generation. If that cousin has a child, that child is one generation removed from you. If that cousin has a grandchild, the grandchild is two generations removed from you, and so on.
So, if your third cousin has a child, that child is your third cousin once removed. The grandchild of your third cousin is your third cousin two times removed. The child of your first cousin is your first cousin once removed.
Just count back the number of generations from where you and your straight numbered cousin connect. Going back in time, it is the same process in reverse.
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